Bunin Antonovsky apples Problems of the exam. What problems raises bunin in his story Antonovskiy apples? f. Main characters and their characteristics

In the story I. Bunin "Antonovsky apples" is bright and colorfully represented the image of a village, which is associated with "early, fresh, quiet in the morning." The thoughts of the author are addressed to the past, in which there was "big, the whole golden, dying and drunk garden" with "maple marks", where you can enjoy the "thin aroma of fallen foliage and the smell of Antonovsky apples, the smell of honey and autumn freshness ..." in the story I. Bunin. antonovskaya apples - Symbol of wealth ("Rustic affairs are good if Antonovka was gone"), the symbol of happiness ("crooked Antonovka - for the fun year), the symbol of all Russia with her" gold, raised and gardens "," maplea alleys ", with the" fiction smell " in fresh air"And with the solid consciousness of" how well live in the world. "

ON THE. Nekrasov in poems and poems paid the attention of the reader not only on the poverty of the peasant lines, but also on how friendly peasant families, as Russian women hospitable.

There is a lot about the originality of a farmers, the epic novel Sholokhov "Quiet Don".

In the story of Rasputin "Farewell to Mattera", the ancient village is endowed with historical memory, the loss of which is equivalent to death for residents.

"Hunter's Notes" I.S. Turgenev is a single meditation about the fate of the people. In the center of the story, the narrator, he slowly wanders around the villages and hunting grounds, carefully peering in the life of peasants and landowners, thinking about the contrasts of Russian life. Charming, sheedy poetry images of the peasants, the author opposes the images of immoral detention facilities, emphasizing the indisputable superiority of the reserved people over his owners.

Introduction

In Russian literature, the theme of the village and the theme of the Motherland was often united. Rural life has always been perceived as the most serene, natural. One of the first, this idea was expressed by Pushkin, who called the village with his office.

The problem of the significance of labor in a person's life.

Abstracts

Labor made a man's monkey.

Life is easily steadfast.

Quotes

- "Labor eliminates a person from three main evils - boredoms, vice and needs" (Voltaire).

- "When work is a pleasure, life is good! When work - duty, life - slavery! " (M. Gorky). - "Who lives in someone else's labor, he will inevitably end in that he will begin to live a stranger mind, for its mind is produced only with his own labor" (V. Klyuchevsky).

- "Nothing is so depleting and does not destroy a person as long-term physical inaction" (Aristotle).

- "Do not do - not live" (V. Belinsky).

- "What a person does, he is" (Hegel).

- "Labor - an image, content and purpose of life" (the words of the gallery in the novel of Goncharov "Oblomov").

Great Writer Ivan Alekseevich Bunin his work "Antonovsky apples" wrote quickly, just for several months. But the work on the story was not over, because he again and again turned to his story, changing the text. Each edition of this story was already with the changed and editable text. And this easily mono was explained by the fact that the writer's impressions were so alive and deep that he wanted to show all this to his reader.

But such a story, like "Antonovskaya apples," where there is no plot development, and the basis of the content is the impressions and memories of the riot, for analysis is complex. It is difficult to catch the emotions of a man who lives past. But Ivan Alekseevich managed to accurately transmit sounds and paints, showing his unusual literary skill. Reading the story "Antonovskiy apples" can be understood what feelings and emotions experienced a writer. This is both pain, and sadness that all this is left behind, as well as joy and tenderness to stadiums of antiquity deep.

Bunin uses bright paints description of colors, such as black and lite, sivo-iron. So deeply descriptions of the Bunin that he even notices how the shadow falls from many objects. For example, from a flame in the garden in the evening he sees black silhouettes that compares with giants. By the way, the metaphor in the text is a huge amount. It is worth paying attention to the sundresses that girls put on the fairs: "Sarafany, smelling paint." Even the smell of paint Bunin does not cause irritation, and this is another memory. And what words he picks up when he transmits his feelings from the water! She is not easy for a writer cold or transparent, but Ivan Alekseevich uses her description: Ice, heavy.

What happens in the soul of a narrator how strong and deeply of his experiences can be understood if you analyze those details in the work of "Antonovsky apples", where it gives their detailed description. There is in the story and the main character - Barchuk, but his story for the reader is never revealed.

At the very beginning of his work, the writer uses one of the means of artistic expressiveness of speech. Graduation is that the author very often repeats the word "remember", which allows you to create a sense of how carefully the writer belongs to your memories and is afraid to forget something.

The second chapter carries not only the description of the wonderful autumn, which is usually mysterious and even fabulous in the villages. But the work tells about the old women who lived their century and prepared to take death. To do this, they put on the Savan, which was wonderfully painted and starched so that she stood on the body of the old woman. They recalled the writer and the fact that, having prepared for death, such old women were dragged into the courtyard and grave stones, which now stood waiting for the death of their mistress.

Introduce memories of the reader's writer in the second part and to another estate that belonged to the cousin Ivan Alekseevich. Anna Gerasimovna lived herself, so he was always glad to visit her ancient estate. The road to this estate still pops up before the eyes of the narrator: a juicy and spacious blue sky, a rolled and a runner road seems to the writer the most expensive and so native. The description and the road, and the very estate of the Bunin causes a huge sense of regret that all this went to the distant past.

A description of the telegraph pillars, which met a storytellor on the way to aunt and sadly and sadly read. They were like silver strings, and the birds sitting on them seemed to the writer with music signs. But here, in the estate of the aunt, the smell of Antonovsky apples again is remembered.

The third part transfers the reader already into deep autumn, when after rains, cold and long, finally begins to look at the sun. And again the estate of another landowner - the Arseny Semenovich, who was a big fan of hunting. And again there is sadness and regret the author about the fact that now the spirit of the landowner is already forth, who honored her roots, and the whole Russian culture. But now one, the former life is lost, and now it is impossible to return the former noble life in Russia.

In the fourth chapter of the story "Antonovsky apples", Bunin sums up, saying that no more than the smell of childhood, which was associated with life and the life of the local nobility, disappeared by the smell of Antonovsky apples. And it is impossible to see any of those old men, nor glorious landowners, nor those glorious times. And the last rows of the story "White Snow Path-Road", the reader will apply to the fact that it is not impossible to return the previous Russia, her former life.

The story "Antonovsky apples" is a kind of soda, enthusiastic, but sad and sad, imbued with love, which is devoted to Russian nature, life in the village and the patriarchal lifestyle, which was in Russia. The story in terms of the volume is small, but it is transmitted quite a lot in it. Bunin is pleasant to the memories of that time, they are filled with spirituality and poetry.

"Antonovskaya apples" is the anthem of Bunin his homeland, which, though stayed in the past, far away from him, but still remained in memory of Ivan Alekseevich, and it was for him as the best and nettime time, his spiritual development.

History of creation

The story "Antonovsky apples" is one of the first prosaic works by I.A. Bunin. He was first published in the Oktyabrsky issue of Life magazine for 1900.

Meaning of the name

Antonovskaya apples or Antonovka are a special grade of apples with which the author is binding the warmest and happy memories. With their yield, the peasants compared their well-being: "The poorest Antonovka is to the fun year," if Antonovka was gone: it means that the bread was crushed. "

The main theme of the work

The main topic of the work is the steady degeneration of the Russian nobility.

Bunin rose under the enormous influence of noble-class traditions. His childhood was held in a provincial manor, where the future writer came close to the rustic life. At the nineteen years, he was forced to leave the birth nest who came into decay. The pain from this loss pursued him throughout his life.

Unlike representatives of the democratic direction in Russian literature, Bunin defended the right to the existence of the dominant time. He did not see a big difference between the life of peasants and middle and small nobility. The writer had sufficient grounds for such an opinion. Many of the most violent accusers of landowners and the defenders of the peasantry did not have any idea of \u200b\u200bfolk life. Bunin was amazed when the People's People Intellegent Skabichevsky somehow admitted to him that "in his entire life did not see how rye grows."

In the "Antonovsk Apples", Bunin depicts a idyllic picture of rural life, in which the peasants and landowners occupy their laid place are experiencing the same feelings, share joy and grief.

Contrary to the traditional idea of \u200b\u200bthe sulfur and hopeless life of a simple people, the peasant world in the story appears bright and filled with happiness. The peasant economy is characterized by its wealth. The best testimony of this is the longevity of the villagers. Old Man Pankrat does not even think about what lived about a hundred years. The peasant "... probably would have grown up, if it were not for the Luka Petrovka."

A young narrator with envy is watching the solid, consecrated life of the peasants. He often has a dream himself to become a simple man to feel the beauty of the uncomplicated peasant destiny.

The life of the medium-stage nobility was practically not different from the peasant. The Life of the landowner was also subordinated to the cycle of agricultural work. The author admits that "he did not know and did not see" serfdom, but he felt his remnants in the estate of his aunt.

The main difference between the landowner from the peasants consisted in his idle lifestyle. From here takes the roots of the famous Russian hunting with hounds, which at least somehow supported the "fading spirit of the landowners."

Uncle Arseny Semench is one of the last representatives of the proud and reckless type of Russian nobleman. His carelessness, waste and remoteness cause admiration, but at the same time the main cause of the ruin of landlords is becoming. Gradually, only the "aristocratic-beautiful heads in ancient hairstyles" remain with testimony of the past luxury lifelong life, and multi-volume nobility libraries.

The smallest nobleman is far from his ancestors. But even in his "Nishchensky life" the author sees a special charm. The echoes of the past are still sounding in more than a modest hunt, a gamry observation Barin at the work of the peasants. The saddest feelings cause a break of impoverished landowners "for the last money." Their song becomes an epitaph go out in the past whole class.

Problems

On the wave of the revolutionary-democratic direction, most Russian writers and poets somehow "forgotten" about the fate of the nobility. Although N. N. Nekrasov was predicted by landowners death after the cancellation of serfdom: "The Great chain broke out, broke up and hit. One end - in Barina, another man. "

Not all landowners were tyrants and tormentors for their peasants. The dominant position, they occupied from birth due to the prevailing historical conditions. The habit of living at the expense of someone else's labor turned the tragedy for them.

For Bunin, the problem of the ruin of the nobility was very acute. After all, this estate was a carrier of a large formation of culture. Of his environments, many people who glorify Russia came out.

Higher estate can be fairly condemned for laziness, idleness, inability to adapt to the changed conditions, but these people should be purely sore, because a huge historical era is connected with them.

Composition

The story consists of four parts: the overall picture of rural life, the yield year, noble hunting and the sad description of the final ruin of the nobility.

What does the author teaches

According to Bunin, most of the middle and small nobles were not the main perpetrators of the troubles and suffering of the simple people. Together with the peasants, they conducted a simple patriarchal life and did not notice how the new era carried them a death sentence.

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"Wonderful" power of the past in the story of I.A. Bunin "Antonovskaya apples" Presentation of Maksimenko Olga Borisovna at the chitel GBOU SOSH №474 G.Sanct -Petherburg

"Remove the riot of russian literature, and she will hang out, licking the living rainbow gloss and the star radiance of his lonely strange soul" (M. Gorky)

Often this product is compared with the pictures of impressionists. If you come to the picture very close, you will not see anything, except for smears, you'll move away - separate items appear, and you will leave even further - you will see the whole picture. What common mood was created after reading the story? Is it possible to clearly define the story story? What is the identity of the lyrical hero? Is it changing throughout the story? What else changes during the narration?

In the initial editorial board, the story had the following entry: "Somewhere I read that Schiller loved, so that apples were lying in his room: to lie down, they excited creative moods in him with their smell. I do not know how fair this story is, but I fully understand him: there are things that are beautiful in themselves, but most of all because they make us more feeling life. The smells actually act on us, and between them there are especially healthy and bright: the smell of the sea, the smell of the forest, chernozem in the spring, the label of autumn foliage, a wonderful smell of strong Antonovsky apples, juicy and always cold, smelling slightly honey, and most of all - Autumn freshness! " Subsequently, the author took this entry. But his invisible presence indicates a dot, unusually rendered to the very beginning of the story.

The story was first published in 1900 in the magazine "Life" and had a subtitle "Pictures from Epitaph". Why paintings? Because the work does not have a characteristic plot, he was called essay and poem in prose. Epitaph is a gravestone, the tombstone means it comes to someone's dying. What kind of dying are we talking about? Researchers celebrate 3 time flows in the story. What kind? From autumn to winter, from the heyday of the local nobility to his fading from childhood to maturity

What do you think, is there a central image in this work? What is the word garden at the Bunin? (with friendly family, home, with a dream about serene paradise happiness, which humanity can lose in the future. You can find a lot of symbolic shades of the word Garden: Beauty, the idea of \u200b\u200btime, the memory of generations, homeland. But most often the famous Chekhov image is remembered: Sad-noble The nests that have recently experienced a heyday, and now they have declined. The garden at the Bunin is a mirror, reflecting what happens to the estates and with their inhabitants).

In the story "Antonovsky apples" he appears a living creature with his mood and character. The garden is shown every time through the prism of the author's sentiment. In the fertile time of the Baby Summer, he is a symbol of welfare, contentment, prosperity: "... I remember the big, the whole golden, snoring and drunkard, I remember the maple alleys, a thin fragrance of foliage foliage and the smell of Antonovsky apples, the smell of honey and autumn freshness." Early in the morning, he, cool, filled with a "purple mist", as if he disrupts the secrets of nature. But the "farewell festival of autumn" came up to the end, and "the black garden will be through the turquoise sky and submractive to wait for the winter, burning in the sunshine" in the last chapter of the garden - the desired, dull ... On the threshold of the new century, some memories of the once shine garden remained.

"No, not a landscape entails me, I'm not going to notice to notice, but the fact that in these ways is shining, - Love and Panship of Being." I.A. Bunin Why is the story called "Antonovskaya apples"? What do you think Meaning of the story?

Preparation for the exam in the Russian language What problems illuminate the author in the story? The problem of finding the meaning of life The problem of attitude to the past, the loss of memory, the roots problem of charms, the beauty of moral and healthy rustic life is the problem of patriotism, love to the motherland

"... I remember early wake-up autumn. August ... "- so begins the story" Antonovsky apples ". Motive memories will give the work a special lyrical mood - the mood of sadness, regretful about the leaving, about the rapid equipment, about non-reflectible youth. As F. Stepun, the memory is raised over time, over the past, present and future, which is incompatible in the real dimension of the phenomenon. So in the Buninsky story-memories, the time moves from the fall, when the gardens are fruiting and smells with Antonovsky apples, to winter and returns to the period of flowering gardens; from "early fresh in the morning" to twilight; From the youth of the lyrical hero by now the maturity. Memory allows you to tie all temporary layers of the work, and before the reader's eyes the reader appears all human life, inseparable from nature. A special leaky note contributes to the story: from childhood a familiar and cute heart smell of Antonovsky apples, the smell of Russia. For all the author's commitment to a bright and accurate part, it is impossible to be called a life-in-writer, since the part is woven into the plan lyrical (feeling, memories) and philosophical-epic (thinking about the rapidness of time, about the fate of Russia and the Russian man).

In this Buninsky story, features characteristic of the poetic work were manifested: the lack of a traditional plot, strengthening the role of associative connections, increased emotionality, rhythm. The organization of prosaicotext according to the laws of the text poetic will be a characteristic feature of the style of the Bunin. If the critics perceived it, then as first of all the poet, it is predominantly like a prose, the writer himself emphasized: "By the way, I do not give out of prose. And here, and there is the same rhythm, it's only in one or another strength of her. " But the noted community is manifested not in the rhythmic organization of the text. The impact of poetry will affect the attention of the writer to the favorite topics of lyrics (love, nature, loneliness, death), in the weakening of the role of the plot and transfer the emphasis on experience, feeling. All this allows us to talk about the prose of Bunin as a lyrical prose.

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• what is the subject of memories in the story Antonovsky apples