Alkyd paint for interior use. Weatherproof paint for metal for outdoor use in the shop "Krasim Vse

10.02.2019

Most modern industrial buildings and private structures are equipped with metal elements and structures. And, as a rule, these parts made of iron and other alloys are located outdoors and are exposed to the weather all year round. It is for the processing of such metal structures that weather-resistant metal paint is used for outdoor work. In this article, we will tell you about what anti-vandal and protective compounds are, what types of anti-corrosion enamels are divided into and what price they have.

Types of exterior paints for metal

Today the construction market is replete with a huge amount of paints for exterior metal work. In any construction supermarket, you can easily find enamels of various types and types, differing from each other in their composition, technological characteristics and price.

Acrylic, oil, external weather-resistant paint, anti-vandal and protective enamels - how to understand all the variety of these paints and choose the product that is right for you? First of all, you need to learn at least a little about the types of outdoor paints, their composition and purpose.

You should know that according to their performance enamels for painting metal are classified according to:

the degree of toxicity;
flammability indicator;
resistance to humid environment;
ability to tolerate low temperatures;
the degree to resist chemical attack;
resistance to mechanical damage.

But the main subdivision of weatherproof protective enamels comes from their composition. Today the most popular are the following categories of paints:

oil;
acrylic;
alkyd.

Let's consider them in more detail.

Oil

These protective compounds have long earned their well-deserved popularity, primarily due to their economical price and environmentally friendly composition. This type of enamel for metal consists of natural oil components. Therefore, it can be used not only for processing external structural elements, but also indoors.

However, oil formulations also have their drawbacks, primarily these:

susceptibility to exposure to sunlight - in the summer, in bright sun, the paint fades and loses its original color;
short service life - under the influence of temperature and humidity changes, the enamel cracks and quickly loses its protective properties;
low resistance to corrosion - metal surfaces covered with oil enamel still continue to rust and deteriorate.

Acrylic

These formulations have excellent protective and anti-vandal properties. They perfectly tolerate high temperatures and significant atmospheric influences. The maximum temperature at which the paint does not lose its anti-corrosion and protective properties is +110 ° C. Therefore, you can safely paint home heating devices (batteries, radiators, pipes, boilers, and so on) with acrylic enamel. Even outdoor heating mains will be under reliable protection if they are treated with acrylic enamel.

The key advantages of these formulations are:

high anti-corrosion resistance;
long service life;
resistance to sunlight;
resistance to high temperatures;
fire safety;
lack of toxicity.

Of the shortcomings, only the vulnerability of acrylic enamels to low temperatures can be distinguished. Thus, this type of paint is not recommended for outdoor use in the Far North and Siberia.

Alkyd

Alkyd outdoor weather-resistant enamel is more economical in cost than oil paint, but in terms of its technological anti-corrosion parameters it surpasses all the types described above. In its composition, alkyd paint contains natural resins, solvents and a special coloring pigment.

The advantages of this enamel include:

heat resistance;
frost resistance;
fast drying;
durability;
low price.

The disadvantages of alkyd compounds are: high toxicity, a strong unpleasant odor, fire hazard, a small palette of colors.

TOP of the most popular brands of paintwork materials for metal

Nowadays, enamels for metal painting are produced by a huge number of manufacturers, but not all of them have gained popularity among consumers. However, there are certain brands that are in particular demand and popularity among developers. These are such manufacturers of high-quality paints and varnishes as Hammerite, Ace Rust Stop Enamel, Sniezka, CERTA and others. The TOP of the most popular anti-vandal and protective compounds includes the following brands:

Enamels of the English world brand Hammerite have long established themselves as high-quality compositions for coating metal surfaces of all types. They have excellent anti-corrosion properties and significantly increase the service life of external metal structures.

The main advantages of the brand are:

very fast drying speed;
absence of streaks and splashes during application;
the ability to apply the composition directly to rust;
high service life (up to 8 years and more).

In the shop "We paint everything" you can buy Hammerite paint for metal at a price of 780 rubles for 0.75 liters in a wide variety of colors.

This American brand produces weather-resistant enamels for outdoor and indoor use. The paint of this brand is able to improve the wear resistance of the metal surface for many years. The compositions have a huge range of colors and are perfect for painting iron doors and other surfaces.

The advantages of Ace products are:

high anti-corrosion performance;
resistance to mechanical action;
long service life.

The online store "We paint everything" offers this type of enamel at a price of 1,750 rubles per 1 quart (0.946 liters), which is 200 rubles lower than that of competitors on average.

Sherwin Williams is one of the largest paint manufacturers in the United States. The characteristic features of the enamels of this brand are the magnificent glossy appearance of painted surfaces and a wide range of colors of compositions.

The main advantages of Sherwin William paint:

increased corrosion protection;
resistance to mechanical damage;
weather resistance;
low toxicity;

On the official website of the "We paint everything" store, you can purchase Sherwin William anti-vandal enamels for 5,100 rubles per gallon (3.78 liters).

Protective enamels from the domestic manufacturer CERTA have been successfully used in our country for fifteen years. The brand produces a quick-drying paint with anti-corrosion properties.

The advantages of the Certa Plast brand are:

resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
immunity to temperature extremes;
weather resistance;
long service life;
economical price.

The specialized shop of paints and varnishes “We paint everything” offers to buy paint for metal of the CERTA brand at a price of 980 rubles per kilogram of enamel.

Alkyd paint is a widespread traditional paint and varnish material, the film-forming component of which is based on synthetic polycondensation alkyd resins. Due to a number of advantages, it displaces oil products based on oil-resin binders.

Composition of alkyd paints

Polyester resins are versatile raw materials used in the paint and varnish industry. This is due to the use of renewable natural raw materials and the huge variety of possible compositions. The composition of paints includes:

film formers;
solvents and thinners;
pigments;
fillers;
additives.

Film former

They are the main component of paints and varnishes, which largely determines the performance characteristics. The most common are two types of alkyd film-forming agents:

glyphthalic;
pentaphthalic.

The main difference between them lies in what type of polyhydric alcohols is used for erythrification of fatty acid mixtures as a base: glycerin for glyphthalic resins and pentaerythritol for pentaphthalic resins. The second base component for both types is phthalic anhydride. Its use is due to its low cost and availability, as well as half the amount of water released during synthesis. Taking into account that the duration of esterification significantly depends on the rate of removal of reaction water, the use of phthalic anhydride reduces the technological production time, reduces costs and increases the profitability of production.

Less common are etrifthalic and xiphthalic film-formers, for which etriol and xylitol are used as the alcohol base, respectively. They are inferior in terms of the property - benefit ratio.

Alkyd paint - what is it? The name "alkyd" comes from alcohol and acid, which indicates the product of the synthesis of complex alcohols and polybasic acids. Introduced after 1925 for polyester resin obtained from complex alcohols and phthalic acid anhydride and "modified" with fatty acids of vegetable oils.

Enamel paints based on pentaphthalic film formers have an optimal price / quality ratio. They make it possible to obtain denser films with good mechanical characteristics and are resistant to moisture and other atmospheric phenomena. Glyphthalic alkyds have a higher drying rate, are poorly resistant to atmospheric conditions, and are used for interior work.

The polyesters obtained are modified with vegetable oils and fatty acids, both natural and synthetic. The acid modification of drying oils allows the use of paints at low temperatures. The use of semi-drying oils for modification with slower drying results in more elastic coatings, less susceptible to loss of gloss and yellowing. To obtain durable elastic coatings, modification with various mixtures of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids is used.
Alkyds are divided according to the percentage by weight of vegetable oils into:

lean at a content of less than 45%;
medium - from 45 to 60%;
fatty - more than 60%.

The fat content depends mainly on the type of vegetable oil. When using drying oils (linseed, soybean) with unsaturated triglycerides, the fat content of alkyd film-formers increases, oils with saturated triglycerides (coconut), the fat content decreases. With the same solids content, the viscosity of the solutions increases with a decrease in the fat content of alkyds.

The fat content of alkyd oligomers largely determines the performance characteristics of the films obtained. Fatty alkyds form film coatings more resistant to weathering with good gloss and high mechanical properties.

Skinny alkyds produce less flexible but chemically more resistant films. Usually used in a mixture with amino resins. For example, melamine-formaldehyde alkyd compositions are traditionally used in the automotive industry. They have increased lightfastness and gloss retention. Required for drying at elevated temperatures or special driers.

The plurality of used starting materials, modifiers and production technologies allow creating all kinds of alkyd paints and varnishes for various conditions of use. The ability of alkyds to react chemically with other polymers contributed to the development of new types of paint and varnish coatings:

alkyd-urethane;
phenolic;
melamine alkyd;
urea;
alkyd-acrylic and others.

The previously used definition of "alkyd resin modified with oils" is now recognized as incorrect (oil oil), since polycondensation of polyhydric alcohols, polybasic acids and oils occurs together and the concept of "alkyd resin" already includes modification with oils. Modified alkyd resins are now understood as resins with other constituents: acrylates, styrenes, urethanes and others.

Among oligomeric film-formers, alkyd resins have the maximum surface activity, which, together with the solvents used, determines the manufacturability of paints and liquid varnishes: adhesion strength, ability to wet, spreading, and increased droplet fusion rate.

Solvents and thinners

The type of solvents used depends on the fat content of polyester film-formers. For fatty alkyds, aliphatic solvents are used. High boiling aromatic solvents are suitable for lean alkyds. For medium fat alkyds, solvent mixtures are used; additionally, alcohols, esters and ketones are used. Trichlorethylene is used for dip painting in industrial baths.

Thinners have a lower cost and are used when it is necessary to correct technological properties depending on the specific conditions of use. Purified kerosene (white spirit), toluene, solvent and others are most often recommended as a diluent. Information on a specific type of solvent is indicated in the instructions for use.

Pigments

To impart color and opacity to the paintwork, pigments are used - insoluble, finely dispersed colored powders. Pigments are divided into organic and inorganic, natural and artificial. They characterize the hiding power of the paint, provide color saturation and durability. In addition to decorative properties, they affect performance.

Pigments can play an essential role in the formation of a protective function, for example, red lead or zinc crown are good corrosion inhibitors.

Excipients

They are used to improve the technological characteristics of paint and varnish coatings: hiding power, thixotropy, opacity, viscosity, wear resistance, atmospheric and corrosion resistance. In some cases, they have weak coloring or matting properties.

Barites are widely used as fillers, carbonates - marble or limestone chips and silicates - bentonite, kaolin, talc. Granite and quartz are used to increase wear resistance, mica is used for heat-resistant and electrical insulating coatings. In addition to the composition, the quality of the filler is characterized by the degree of grinding.
To increase the dispersion of particles, artificially obtained analogs of natural fillers are used.

Additives

Driers are organometallic soluble compounds of heavy metals that accelerate oxidative processes and, accordingly, the drying of paints and varnishes. The most commonly used compounds are lead, cobalt and manganese, as well as vanadium, cerium, chromium and other metals.

Plasticizers give the films the necessary elasticity and resistance to temperature changes. Additional requirements are imposed on them: colorlessness, neutrality, compatibility, odorlessness.

Anticoagulant and stabilizing additives contribute to the uniform distribution of insoluble components in the paint volume, primarily pigments. Prevents delamination and skin formation during storage. Enhancers of anticorrosive properties are also used, for example, derivatives of tannin acid. For outdoor use, additives that absorb ultraviolet radiation are used.

Alkyd paint: characteristics, advantages and disadvantages

Alkyd paints have the following characteristics:

They are characterized by high adhesion of the film coating. Good compatibility with various types of surfaces simplifies painting and reduces preparatory work costs.
Good protective properties. Strong and elastic high-density film has increased elasticity and hardness. Weather-resistant for outdoor use.
Increased practical hiding power. The hiding power of the film depends on the quantity, type and quality of the pigments and fillers used. The surface activity of the alkyd oligomers allows the use of a paint with a significant solids content, which increases hiding power and reduces consumption.
Alkyd paint has good processing properties. The increased flow properties provide ease of application and allows the use of roller, spray and brush.
Average drying time. In conveyor production, products are painted with subsequent temperature drying.
Hydrophobicity provides resistance to water, satisfactory resistance to detergents.
Good decorative properties. Adjustable gloss level. Minimal likelihood of delamination, smudges, pockmarks, wrinkles and other types of defects.
Lack of environmental friendliness. The harmlessness of use depends on the type of solvents and thinners used. For example, xylene and solvent are several times more harmful than white spirit or turpentine.
Huge variety of possible compositions. Ease of obtaining optimal coatings for various conditions, including anti-corrosion, electrical insulating and others.

Popular white enamel PF-115, intended for outdoor use. Requires at least a two-layer coating. In addition to good performance characteristics, it has a beautiful surface. In total, PF-115 enamel is produced in up to 24 color shades. The varnishes and enamels used for cars are made on the basis of high-quality alkyd resin of high transparency with special additives. Higher parameters have acrylic paint, but its cost is higher.

The advantages of alkyd paints:

resistance to moisture and other atmospheric phenomena;
durability, lightfastness;
low price;
excellent adhesion even for smooth metal surfaces, do not require significant preparation costs for painting;
increased elasticity, resistance to cracking;
high strength and wear resistance, used for floors;
the possibility of obtaining both glossy and matte and semi-matt surfaces;
versatility, used for metal, wood and concrete;
ease of use, minimal shrinkage, supplied ready to use;
good fluidity, thixotropy and hiding power;
slight tendency to yellowing;
large enough color palette;
ease of cleaning, resistance to detergents.

Disadvantages:

contains components that are harmful to health, give a pungent odor when dried;
low vapor permeability limits the use for facade paints;
fire hazard.

Video: Tikkurila alkyd paint for ceilings

The best consumer reviews are given to Tikkurila paints from a well-known Finnish manufacturer. In terms of price / quality ratio, the products of domestic paint and varnish industries that comply with all the requirements of GOST and have the appropriate certificates wins. Russian paints and varnishes in assortment lag significantly behind colorsdue to the lack of a variety of quality pigments. The world's leading manufacturers of paints have a variety of color compositions, while white alone contains up to a dozen shades. For the convenience of painting small hard-to-reach or embossed surfaces, you can buy high-quality spray paint in cans.

Benefits of an alkyd coating

Alkyd paints are called so because of the main component - alkyd resin. It is a synthetic material that is synthesized from vegetable oils, which are boiled with organic or alcoholic acids. Alkyd coatings can be used for both external and internal work, they are used to paint wooden, metal, concrete and brick surfaces.

Alkyd wood paints for outdoor use have been recognized by builders because they resist moisture well - the main enemy of wood. Even very dry wood with many cracks can be painted over with an alkyd coating and will be protected from water. This is due to the fact that a thin water-repellent film forms on the coating. They are known for being able to withstand extremely low temperatures from -30 without losing their properties. Of course, over time, they fade and lose their aesthetic appearance, but compared to oil paint, alkyd paint is a long-liver: it can last from 5 to 10 years, depending on external factors. Alkyd coatings do not lend themselves well to dirt - very little dust settles on them.

Paint application

Alkyd paints can be applied to very faded or painted surfaces to hide any imperfections. Alkyd-based paints fade slowly, and if the shade is light, this process is generally unnoticeable. Depending on your preference, you can choose a matte or glossy finish. By the way, the gloss will not lose its primary shine for a long time. Paint can be applied with brushes or roller.

Consumers are interested in how long alkyd paint dries. Complete drying takes place after 8-12 hours. Only after this time can the next layer be applied. This applies to all types of paint - reapply only after the layer has dried, so that there are no streaks. Drying times may vary depending on the manufacturer, environmental conditions and paint application. For example, to accurately answer the question "How long does Vika alkyd paint dry?" impossible. The manufacturer claims that at 130 degrees, the drying time is about half an hour. But you must admit that very few people have the opportunity to provide such a high temperature. Accordingly, it will take much longer, especially in the cooler season. But alkyd wood floor paint should dry out faster, as it happens indoors.

How to choose paint

When choosing a coating, it can be difficult to decide - alkyd or acrylic paint for wood is better suited for your particular case. Both varieties have advantages and disadvantages.

Acrylic and alkyd paints can be applied easily and evenly without leaving bubbles or streaks. However, the former dries faster, is more ecological, odorless, retains its shine and original appearance for up to 10 years. The main drawback, if I may say so, is the high cost. If there is a financial opportunity to buy an acrylic coating, you should give preference to it. But quality alkyd paint is also a good option. In general, in practice, there is such an unspoken rule: acrylic paint - for interior work, alkyd - for exterior. Although both can theoretically be used for all types of painting.

There are pentaphthalic (PF) and glyphthalic (GF) coatings, but they differ only in the binder component, and during operation they are absolutely the same. If you buy an alkyd paint for painting a wooden surface outside, take a product with an index of 1 - it just indicates the outdoor area of \u200b\u200bapplication. For interior work, index 2, water-resistant are designated by the number 4, and heat-resistant - 8.

All photos from the article

Alkyd-based formulations have replaced and won a large market share due to a number of positive characteristics that make this solution so attractive to buyers. We will consider this option in more detail so that you can understand how it differs from others and what advantages such paints have.

Advantages of alkyd-based formulations

The main advantages of this type of paint are the following factors:

Weather resistance	For outdoor use, this type of product is perfect, the finished coating is resistant to UV radiation, temperature extremes and water. In addition, the layer does not turn yellow over time and practically does not change its color, which is also an important advantage.
Elasticity	After drying, an elastic film forms on the surface, which can withstand deformation effects without any problems. It should also be noted that the layer has high wear resistance and excellent abrasion resistance.
High protective properties	The paint-and-lacquer coating not only perfectly protects the wood from moisture, which makes it suitable for use in bathrooms and other rooms with high humidity, but is also resistant to detergents without abrasive particles, so that the surface can be washed.
Versatility of use	Outdoor alkyd wood paint can also be used indoors. For application, you can use both a brush and a roller or even a spray gun - with your own hands you can carry out the work in the shortest possible time, while the result will meet the highest standards.

Features of marking and an overview of the main brands

In order to be well oriented in the variety of products, you need to understand how the products of the group in question are labeled and which options are the most popular and demanded.

Marking

For ease of use and use, an alphanumeric code is provided in the designation of the compositions.

To understand it is easier than ever, even for those who do not have knowledge and experience in this area, it is enough to study the information below:

GF - means that the composition is made on a glyphthal basis, that is, from a mixture of organic oils, synthetic components, glycerin and special additives to accelerate the drying process, which are called driers.
PF - pentaphthalic compositions, which are in many ways similar to the above-described option, but unlike it, they have a higher resistance to adverse influences, therefore they are most often used for the manufacture of paints for outdoor use.

The first number in the designation is very important, it suggests the purpose of the composition. So, the designation "0" indicates that the products are intended for surface priming and should not be used as a full-fledged coating.
The number "1" suggests that the composition is intended for external use. Of course, alkyd paints for outdoor woodwork can also be used indoors, because the number of adverse effects there is much lower.
"2" means that the composition can be used only for interior work, and it is possible to paint surfaces both in heated and unheated rooms.
Other designations are used for compositions that are much less common, so we will consider them briefly: "3" - conservation paints, "4" - waterproof, "5" - special purpose (fluorescent, etc.), "6" - oil and petrol resistant, "7" - resistant to aggressive chemical influences, "8" - resistant to high temperatures and "9" - compositions with increased electrical conductivity or not conducting current at all.

The last two digits indicate the catalog number of the composition and speak of its purpose, we will dwell on this point in more detail in the next chapter.

The most popular brands and their features

As we noted above, many of the brands are not widespread and are practically not found on the free market, so we will consider only those that are used most often:

GF-230 is made on a glyphthal basis and is used for the treatment of ceilings and walls indoors. It cannot be used for floor coverings, since the dried layer has rather low abrasion resistance.

The PF-115 brand is most often found due to a number of advantages: the ability to use both inside and outside the premises, a wide choice color solutions and a glossy shine of the dried surface, which gives the structures a very attractive view... Drying time - from 8 to 24 hours, depending on humidity and air temperature, for the best result, the composition is recommended to be applied in two layers.

PF-253 is a wear-resistant alkyd paint for wood flooring, which has excellent performance properties, dries very quickly and creates a uniform shiny surface. It is recommended to apply the composition with a wide or medium brush, but you can also use a roller with a medium bristle, it is better to do this in two layers to ensure the best coverage.

Many are interested in the question of which is better - alkyd or acrylic paint for wood. In fact, these compositions have completely different properties, but if you compare the cost, then the first option will look much more preferable.

Important! When using an alkyd-based composition, do not forget that the surface must be pre-prepared: clean it from dirt and remnants of the old coating, putty the damage and prime it.

Conclusion

Alkyd paints are an excellent solution for a wide range of works, and they are suitable not only for wood, but also for metal, which is important if there are iron elements in the structure ().

The video in this article will tell some of the issues discussed in more detail and will clearly show some important points.