Basic interior styles. About styles in design - what design styles exist

21.06.2018

The interior is not just a breath of freshness for your many years of renovation, it is a real art and an opportunity to show all your creativity and style, creating a place where you and your loved ones will be pleased to live. Modern trends in interior design allow even the most perverse imagination to unfold, so you can easily express your complex individuality in literally everything: on the walls, in furniture, in style. You can be a fan of minimalism or strive for luxury, prefer functionality or combine it all at once. We decided to tell you about the most popular interior styles today and how to implement them in your apartment.

1. Rustic

The rustic interior is a combination of simplicity, rudeness and naturalism - the three main whales on which modern interior a style-savvy man. Characterized by a rustic look, the decor and furniture elements are made by hand, from natural materials, and the main focus of this design is calm and relaxation. In classic examples of rustic interiors, you can find a large amount of wood: furniture, walls, floor, decor. And also lumber, cork surfaces and, of course, stone are used. Among the softer or more elastic elements of the style, materials such as cotton, wool, paper, clay are used. Rustic is not complete without glass, metal and bamboo. All these materials create a natural and stylish look in the interior and make you pay attention to details. As a rule, such deliberate rudeness can be diluted thanks to colors, a variety of textures and, of course, decorative elements in vintage style or folk art, as well as handmade.

Rustic is perfect for spacious rooms, since rough and embossed textures can significantly reduce an already small room, so if you want to add a little harsh roughness to the interior, then add it in portions, in smaller details or in furniture elements.

2. Scandinavian

Fans of Ikea are probably familiar with one of the most popular styles at this time - Scandinavian. This style in the interior is characterized by minimalism, spaciousness and comfort. Despite the fact that the Scandinavian style is multifaceted, its main characteristics are simplicity, delicate and often light (or generally white) colors, a balance between artificial and natural, and necessarily functionality. In the Scandinavian style, great attention is paid to proportionality, which requires a certain arrangement of objects in space. Furniture in a Scandinavian interior should be simple, comfortable, made in basic colors, most often gray and white. They always look fresh and only emphasize the rest of the decor.

If you want to add scandinavian style into your home or completely redo the design of the apartment, then it is worth starting with furniture. offer stylish and minimalistic sofas and armchairs that can perfectly fit into a Scandinavian interior.

The main advantage of this furniture is that you can independently participate in the formation of its design. The client can choose the size, shape and material (of which there are more than 100 items) of the future product independently, taking into account the dimensions of his room and the features of the layout. RESPECTLOUNGE are distinguished by their quality, professionalism and an individual approach to each client.

3. Industrial

Industrial style design is popular for loft spaces and old buildings that need to be adapted for living, as well as for standard apartments and houses. All that needs to be done in such an interior is to achieve a sense of the industrial past, as if there used to be a factory or a workshop here, but not at all a bachelor's nest: rough materials, raw or aged surfaces. The easiest way to create the illusion of roughness is to leave the walls and some large surfaces unfinished (unfinished or not painted over). The industrial atmosphere will be created by metal elements in furniture and decor, as well as objects made of steel, glass or wood. Old decor items or equipment that have seen enough, will hardly be suitable for use, will perfectly fit into the industrial style, but the style will be emphasized in the best way possible. But you shouldn't forget about functionality.

Industrial-style wall decoration is perhaps the most piquant place: brick walls, plaster, paint, bright or dark colors that go well with any furniture, as well as gentle and warm shades to add comfort. In terms of furniture: the more, the better, so you should pay attention to large long sofas, large soft armchairs, cozy and comfortable, and also do not forget about decorative elements such as pillows, rugs and carpets.

Plants will be an excellent addition to the rough industrial style: real plants in clay pots, terrariums or artificial; and, of course, lighting.

Large chandeliers, floor lamps and table lamps, made in a rough style, and having in their design something industrial, street, not at all home, can be found in the online store of lamps "Lustron". Here you will be offered a high-quality model from well-known manufacturers, suitable for any interior, including loft lamps that will perfectly fit into the industrial.

If you need help with a choice or professional advice, the store manager will come to the rescue. In other words, Lustron lighting fixtures are a combination of quality, style and reasonable price, so that your interior will shine with new colors and acquire its own character.

4. Art Deco

Art Deco style is usually associated with the period of the First and Second World War. It combines the bombast and pomp of the 20s with the fundamental elegance and functionality of the 40s. Art Deco is primarily distinguished by lighting - bright and luxurious, creating an atmosphere, that is, in such an interior you can find floor lamps, weighty chandeliers and other vintage glamor. Geometric prints on walls and large surfaces lend volume and shape to a space, whatever its size. The furniture is mainly lacquered, made of wood, metal, upholstered with velvet or other soft fabrics claiming luxury. A large number of mirrors and reflective surfaces add shine to the Art Deco interior. In this design, it is best to combine textures such as vinyl, silk, wool, adding to the interior a variety of carpets, bedspreads, pillow and sofa covers and wallpaper with geometric patterns in warm colors.

5. Urban modern

If you like the style of big cities, lofts and a cosmopolitan atmosphere, then Urban Modern is a style that you will definitely want to try at home. Its main characteristics are simplicity and a combination of various modern styles... Minimalist modern, a bit of ethnicity and highly experimental design: urban modern is the style of the 21st century.

To implement it, it is worth considering the following details. Firstly, it is large furniture (beds, sofas, armchairs), strict, vintage or artificially aged, the main thing is to remember about simplicity. Do not be afraid to combine things in your design that, at first glance, cannot be combined. Modern and new furniture will look great in combination with something that is long overdue to throw away or take it to the flea market. Decorative details play an important role here (pillows, mirrors in old frames or completely new, large tables made of wood or metal).

Urban design very often requires artistry and creativity, so don't be afraid to go into eclecticism, adding a few geometric shapes and patterns to everything else to emphasize the elegance in something so ambiguous.

An excellent addition to the comfort in the urban modern style can be such a detail as a fireplace. Of course, it is not possible to install a real fireplace in your apartment, but buying a wall-mounted biofireplace is elementary. Excellent bio fireplaces can be purchased at the store. They offer a wide range of wall-mounted fireplaces in both minimalism and more creative styles. This acquisition will not only become the final touch in the creation of the urban-modern style, but it will also be an acquisition that you will never regret, because being able to relax on the couch contemplating the flame is the dream of any person living in a noisy metropolis.

Just as in real life every nation has two languages \u200b\u200b- flexible spoken and correct literary, so in architecture there are definitions and characteristics of styles, which in reality are closely intertwined. We can say with confidence that the "ideal" style does not exist and cannot be, because style, like everything in real life, is constantly changing.

"Style or stylization" is a generalized image of means of artistic expression, conditioned by the unity of creative techniques. You can talk about the style of entire eras, for example, the Renaissance era. You can talk about a personal style, for example, the design style of a particular interior, united by the unity of artistic and imaginative principles, and all these considerations will be about style.

Thus, along with generally accepted historical styles, there are parallel individual styles, and in general, there are no clear boundaries between styles, as well as the eras that gave rise to them.

Style is the language of architecture, design, composition and, like any other living language, adopts languages, individual words from other directions. Hence the interweaving of styles, their relationship. However, excessive borrowing generates at best eclecticism - a mixture of styles, at worst kitsch - bad taste. The boundary at which to stop in choosing or creating your own style is difficult to determine. It requires knowledge of composition, architecture, taste, knowledge of construction and finishing materials... All these components define the concept of "style".

Just as a person has two cerebral hemispheres - left and right, the planet Earth has two of its own - east and west, and the directions in interior styles, by and large, two - east and west, which, in turn, are subdivided into more specific.

Byzantium

This type is characterized by powerful walls, cut through by small windows and arches. The interior is richly decorated with colorful carpets.

Gothic (XII-XU centuries)

The Gothic style is characterized by elongated proportions, spacious, overly elongated rooms, where a person would feel like an insignificant creature. In contrast to the worthlessness of the flesh, the "stone lace" of thin-walled Gothic buildings blossomed in lush color - the time of the birth of colored stained-glass windows in the form of pointed arches. This constructive system made it possible to reach an unprecedented height of vaults thanks to large windows and excellent illumination.

Renaissance (Renaissance)

The greatest master of this era was Michelangelo Buonarotti, who was more of a sculptor than an architect. From this point of view, he created architecture as a kind of winning backdrop for his sculptures. In particular, he doubles the columns and pilasters and changes their rhythm.

Baroque

Michelangelo is considered both the last master of the Renaissance and the creator of the Baroque style, for it was he who realized its main style-forming element - the plasticity of the wall. The crown of his work - St. Peter's Basilica in Rome - is already considered the Baroque style

Rococo

A fashionable trend in the decoration of noble mansions of the mid and late 19th century. The luxury of living rooms teeming with high-value art collections. The second half of the 19th century is interesting for the Russian version of the formation of Rococo, namely the refusal of the services of architects in interior design. The owner himself decorated the room to his liking. Overloading with decor, the number of objects and, as a result, the enclosure of space are typical signs of the crisis of the style of this time.

Classicism

The name speaks for itself. The style is based on the experience and principles of previous styles. An attempt to create the perfect style, not just for centuries, but forever. The idea was reborn from time to time and again became relevant. Until now, it is considered a universal principle “do not know how, make“ Classicism. ”The use of antique architecture elements in the decoration of premises and facades, the development of the so-called“ order ”organization of decor.

Romanticism

Natural forms of decor. Wild stone, forging, Gothic elements. Romantic dinner. It is considered characteristic of poetic natures.

Neo-modern

The use of Art Nouveau plastic forms for the architectural design of premises on a modern technological base. Almost complete absence of ornaments.

Art-Deco

Art Deco, 20-30s, - continuation of the Art Nouveau direction. At the same time, he was influenced by Cubism, American folk art and the design of the rapidly developing machine and aircraft construction at that time. Paris has repeatedly set style and fashion. The lightness and grace of the decor, trying to absorb the speed and pressure of the coming age of machines, gave rise to a style of decorative art called "Art-Deco"

Modernism

A product of Cubism and the German design school "Bauhaus". The search for a rational aesthetics that reveals the technological and utilitarian essence of things.

Minimalism

Neglecting decor in order to find ideal proportions and color ratios in basic shapes.

Art Nouveau (art nouveau, modern)

A style that developed in architecture, art and design in Europe at the end of the 19th century, as opposed to Neo-Gothic. It is characterized by sinuous, smooth outlines with a clear tendency towards asymmetry. Natural and floral motifs are present in the furniture decor. Art Nouveau decoration is characterized by the image of female figures with flowing streams of hair. In Russia, this style went down in history under the name Modern. The symbols of this style are the elements of vegetation, especially the flowers of irises and orchids.

Eclecticism (eclestiс)

The use of a mixed style or a combination of objects of different origins, styles and times. Eclecticism becomes a style in the interior if it is designed according to the principle of combining no more than two or three stylistic types, united by color, texture, and architectural solution. This direction of style, or rather, the absence as such, usually flourishes at a time when one style has already "developed" itself, and the other has not yet appeared.

We can say that the present time, the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century, is the time of Eclecticism. Everything is fashionable that you like or fit functionally.

This style is characterized by rounded corners, strict vertical lines and "receding" shapes. It is distinguished from all furniture styles by the use of decorative elements in the form of zigzags, circles, triangles, suns.

Industrial style

Closely adheres to Minimalism. Industrial style - with open, sterile spaces, as if from a fantastic movie. Metal objects that resemble fantastic appliances and equipment.

The industrial style in interior design is characterized by the presence of undisclosed communications (pipes, valves, wires); building forms are visible in the interior. Often used are metal tables, cast iron slabs on the floor. To many, the style seems "inhuman", wild, non-residential, but sometimes it is used not only in office premises, but also in residential ones. This style is a kind of game in the industry, emphasized disregard for "everyday life".

High tech

It originated in Britain in the 70s of the XX century. Design style and theory based on the latest technology. A distinctive feature is the presence of protruding structural elements and engineering equipment. Chrome-plated pipes, metal surfaces, polished connection straps, bolts are all indicative of thinking and modern concepts of spaceships. All attributes are in demand in the high-tech interior. Fashion for "Hi-tech" emerges in waves, with the emergence of either new structural and finishing materials, or the demand for certain technologies.

Post-modernism

It develops at the end of the 20th century in architecture and art as opposed to modernist radicalism. Postmodernists use an amalgamation of different styles of the past, such as Classicism and Baroque, often with an ironic effect. The specificity of the style is hyperbole as a tool for creating a vivid theatrical image of the environment.

Traditional

It is customary to refer to the traditional ones as respectable interiors that embody the bourgeois order of life. This is solid, solid furniture in the style of past eras, an interior consisting of items that always have a historical identity.

Modern style

Every innovation in industry and technology gives rise to its own style and fashion. Fashion influences material, material influences fashion. So, in the primitive communal system "in vogue" was natural stone... At the same time, a tree was being built. Derived from the tree is papyrus. It was used not only for communication at a distance, but also for decoration. Later, with the discovery of metal, in everyday life such a material as copper "became popular", then bronze. Civilization invented glass, and its plastic and physical properties began to be actively used in the design of dwellings.

Several centuries have passed, continuous production, industrial chemistry has appeared, and as a result of the "triumph of man over nature", synthetic materials are in demand in construction and decoration. The age of plastics still gets along well in the interior, both public and personal.

Kitsch

The combined name of some movements of Post-modernism, such as Memphis, using the potential of bad taste and the charm of sentimental crafts of mass demand. This is an anti-design game that emerged as a protest movement in interior fashion for those who are ready to take their environment not too seriously.

Chinese style

The arrangement of the home of the Chinese is very different in style from other peoples of the East. A measured way of life and a philosophical attitude to everything that happens played a role in this.

"You live in time and space, and we only live in space," says Chinese wisdom. The Chinese interior lacks sharp corners, bulky furniture, and the one that is, does not differ in variety. Durable but elastic bamboo is widely used as a material for the manufacture of both furniture and various other items.

The furniture was decorated with a sophisticated multi-layer varnishing technique. Black lacquer carvings were used for decoration.

In contrast to the ascetic simplicity of Japan, the Chinese more fully use the internal space of the premises, forming niches, arches for the arrangement of decorative objects and toys.

In contrast to ceremonial furniture, wardrobes were simple household items. The rich ambience of the home is completed by exquisitely decorated lacquer tables with persistent carvings, on which decorations and vases were placed.

The furniture in the houses of the noble Chinese was different from the furniture of the commoners. The main furnishings among the furniture were a lounger, chairs and tables. All items were made using bamboo and were mostly rectangular in shape.

The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe arrangement of the Chinese home is to interweave the real with mythology, where the main character is the dragon - the most powerful of all animals.

The "main" color in Chinese life is "assigned" to red - the color of the fire dragon, the color of energy.

Japanese style

The Japanese type of decoration of their home, although it obeys certain laws, still reflects the individual spirit of their own world. Moreover, both the first and second features are still alive. A characteristic feature of the Japanese taste is its tendency towards simplicity and asymmetry. The interior breathes.

If in the Chinese style screens are widely used as partitions, then in Japan, along with screens, mats are used. Moreover, not only for the "zoning" of premises, but as wall decorations, as well as for covering the floors, on which the islanders spend a long period of their entire life - they talk, eat, do household chores, sleep.

The main task of the owner of the house is complete isolation from the outside world, which is facilitated by the clear functionality of the rooms. There is no furniture as such. Niches in the walls (analogous to built-in wardrobes) are used as cabinets, shelves, where not only a wardrobe, but also bedding, and interior decorations such as vases are located.

Lockers and chests are still present in the dwelling in limited quantities, but, like any Japanese thing, they are a work of art.

Indian style

Indian style is turquoise, crimson, orange colors, and completely unique in its kind. Indian silk is not as smooth and slippery to the touch as Chinese, a little rough. The furniture in Indian homes is low, hand-cut from very durable teak wood. A characteristic feature is the easy transformation of the details of the house: chairs and tables, screens, shutters and doors often "change roles".

African style

This is perhaps the most exotic of ethnic styles. The colors of Africa are very warm and pleasant, imitating the color of wild animals. Skins of tigers and zebras give an effect to the design.

English style

Walls are usually painted in dazzling yellow, bright red or soft cream tones. The wooden floors are covered with thick and cozy woolen carpets. An indispensable attribute of an English living room is a soft woolen plaid blanket and a footstool. The dwelling is decorated with heavy, yet elegant polished furniture. In England, roses bloom not only in parks, but also on curtains and upholstery. The combination of fabrics in the interior of English living rooms seems a little chaotic, but at the same time, a strict check looks great next to a romantic color pattern.

Mediterranean style

This style is as bright as the nature of this region: a lot of sun, sea, vegetation. Borrowed colors: bluish greenish, golden orange, brown. A riot of colors - on the brightly colored walls, on the floors laid out with a pattern of marble or colored ceramic tiles. Characterized by a certain roughness and unevenness of the walls, a tangible texture, "hand-made" of their decoration and painting. Big windows let in a lot of sun. In the houses of Italians and Spaniards, wrought-iron furniture coexists with painted wood, often painted.

Egyptian style

The Egyptian style has come down to us thanks to religious buildings, and although the style has existed for more than four thousand years, it has changed little since its inception. The monuments of that era that have come down to us are temples, palaces and tombs, that is, monumental structures designed to personify eternity. Walls, pylons, columns, as a rule, were dotted with hieroglyphic writing and scenes of funeral rituals, where the figures of people were depicted in a characteristic pose - the head and lower body - in profile, and the torso and arms - in front. There are three types of columns in buildings - lotus-shaped (a capital in the form of a flower or a lotus bud), papyrus (a capital in the form of a bundle of papyrus) and gatoric (a capital with the image of the head of the goddess Gator - a woman with a dog's head). The exception is the Amarna period - the period of the appearance of Amenhotep IV (1368 - 1351 BC). The prohibition of numerous old cults and the proclamation of the sun itself as the true god gave impetus to the development of the arts in the "direction of man". Funeral scenes were replaced by images of floating fish, fluttering butterflies, touching sensual scenes from life. The sculpture also acquired new non-canonical forms (remember the bust of Nefertiti, the wife of Amenhotep). Subsequently, the entire Empire and Art Deco is based on the elements of the Egyptian style.

Feng Shui

This is magic for the home. "If you want to change your life, move 27 objects in your house" (ancient Chinese wisdom). If your accommodation is strictly rectangular, consider yourself lucky - this is a favorable form. So is the octagonal - but this is rare - if at all. Projections and cutouts on the plan, respectively, increase or decrease the zones. A little about color: in Feng Shui, each of the ba-gua zones has a corresponding color. The right color raises energy in the appropriate area of \u200b\u200byour life. Of course, few people would paint entire rooms such colors. To raise qi, try placing a purple lamp in the wealth zone, a vase full of soft pink flowers in the relationship zone, and a black marble sculpture in the zone appropriate for your career. When choosing specific things and shades, rely on your intuition.

Provided by ART-DOM

Thus, along with generally accepted historical styles, there are parallel individual styles, and in general, there are no clear boundaries between styles, as well as the eras that gave rise to them.

Style is the language of architecture, design, composition and, like any other living language, adopts languages, individual words from other directions. Hence the interweaving of styles, their relationship. However, excessive borrowing generates at best eclecticism - a mixture of styles, at worst kitsch - bad taste. The boundary at which to stop in choosing or creating your own style is difficult to determine. It requires knowledge of composition, architecture, taste, knowledge of building and finishing materials. All these components define the concept of "style".

Next, we invite you to familiarize yourself with brief description architectural and interior design styles of various directions.
Just as a person has two cerebral hemispheres - left and right, the planet Earth has two of its own - east and west, and the directions in interior styles, by and large, two - east and west, which, in turn, are subdivided into more specific.

Byzantium
This type is characterized by powerful walls, cut through by small windows and arches. The interior is richly decorated with colorful carpets.

Gothic (XII-XU centuries)
The Gothic style is characterized by elongated proportions, spacious, overly elongated rooms, where a person would feel like an insignificant creature. In contrast to the worthlessness of the flesh, the "stone lace" of thin-walled Gothic buildings blossomed in lush color - the time of the birth of colored stained glass windows in the form of pointed arches. This constructive system made it possible to reach an unprecedented height of the arches thanks to the large windows and excellent illumination.

Renaissance (Renaissance)
The greatest master of this era was Michelangelo Buonarotti, who was more of a sculptor than an architect. From this point of view, he created architecture as a kind of winning backdrop for his sculptures. In particular, he doubles the columns and pilasters and changes their rhythm.

Baroque
Michelangelo is considered both the last master of the Renaissance and the creator of the Baroque style, for it was he who realized its main style-forming element - the plasticity of the wall. The crown of his work - St. Peter's Basilica in Rome - is already considered the Baroque style

Rococo
A fashionable trend in the decoration of noble mansions of the mid and late 19th century. The luxury of living rooms teeming with high-value art collections. The second half of the 19th century is interesting for the Russian version of the formation of Rococo, namely the refusal of the services of architects V. The owner himself decorated the room to his liking. Overloading with decor, the number of objects and, as a result, the confinement of space are typical signs of the crisis of the style of this time.

Classicism
The name speaks for itself. The style is based on the experience and principles of previous styles. An attempt to create the perfect style, not just for centuries, but forever. The idea was reborn from time to time and again became relevant. Until now, it is considered a universal principle “do not know how, make“ Classicism. ”The use of antique architecture elements in the design of rooms and facades, the development of the so-called“ order ”organization of decor.

Romanticism
Natural forms of decor. Wild stone, forging, Gothic elements. Romantic dinner. It is considered characteristic of poetic natures.

Neo-modern
The use of Art Nouveau plastic forms for the architectural design of premises on a modern technological base. Almost complete absence of ornaments.

Art-Deco
Art Deco, 20-30s, - continuation of the Art Nouveau direction. At the same time, he was influenced by Cubism, American folk art and the design of the rapidly developing machine and aircraft industry at that time. Paris has repeatedly set style and fashion. The lightness and grace of the decor, trying to absorb the speed and pressure of the coming age of machines, gave rise to a style of decorative art called "Art-Deco"

Modernism
A product of Cubism and the German design school "Bauhaus". The search for a rational aesthetics that reveals the technological and utilitarian essence of things.

Minimalism
Neglecting decor in order to find ideal proportions and color ratios in basic shapes.

Art Nouveau (art nouveau, modern)
A style that developed in architecture, art and design in Europe at the end of the 19th century as opposed to the Neo-Gothic. It is characterized by sinuous, smooth outlines with a clear tendency towards asymmetry. Natural and floral motifs are present in the furniture decor. Art Nouveau decoration is characterized by the image of female figures with flowing streams of hair. In Russia, this style went down in history under the name Modern. The elements of vegetation are the symbol of this style, flowers of irises and orchids were especially revered.

Eclecticism (eclestiс)
The use of a mixed style or a combination of objects of different origins, styles and times. Eclecticism becomes a style in the interior if it is designed according to the principle of combining no more than two or three stylistic types, united by color, texture, and architectural solution. This direction of style, or better to say, the absence as such, usually flourishes at a time when one style has already "worked out" and the other has not yet appeared.

We can say that the present time, the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century, is the time of Eclecticism. Everything is fashionable that you like or fit functionally.
This style is characterized by rounded corners, strict vertical lines and "receding" shapes. It is distinguished from all furniture styles by the use of decorative elements in the form of zigzags, circles, triangles, suns.

Industrial style
Closely adheres to Minimalism. Industrial style - with open, sterile spaces, like from a fantastic movie. Metal objects that resemble fantastic appliances and equipment.
The industrial style in interior design is characterized by the presence of undisclosed communications (pipes, valves, wires), building forms are visible in the interior. They often use metal tables, cast iron slabs on the floor. To many, the style seems "inhuman", wild, non-residential, but sometimes it is used not only in office premises, but also in residential ones. This style is a kind of game in the industry, emphasized disregard for "everyday life".

High tech
Originated in Britain in the 70s of the XX century. Design style and theory based on the latest technology. A distinctive feature is the presence of protruding structural elements and engineering equipment. Chrome-plated pipes, metal surfaces, polished connection webs, bolts are all indicative of the thinking and modern concepts of spaceships. All attributes are in demand in the high-tech interior. Fashion for "Hi-tech" emerges in waves, with the emergence of either new construction and finishing materials, or the demand for certain technologies.

Post-modernism
It develops at the end of the 20th century in architecture and art as opposed to modernist radicalism. Postmodernists use a fusion of different styles of the past, such as Classicism and Baroque, often applying them with an ironic effect. The specificity of the style is hyperbole as a tool for creating a vivid theatrical image of the environment.

Traditional
It is customary to refer to the traditional ones as respectable interiors that embody the bourgeois order of life. This is solid, solid furniture in the style of past eras, an interior consisting of items that always have a historical identity.

Modern style
Every innovation in industry, technology gives rise to its own style and fashion. Fashion influences material, material influences fashion. Thus, in the primitive communal system, natural stone was in vogue. At the same time, a tree was being built. Derived from the tree is papyrus. It was used not only for communication at a distance, but also for decoration. Later, with the discovery of metal, in everyday life such a material as copper, then bronze, "became popular". Civilization invented glass, and its plastic and physical properties began to be actively used in the design of dwellings.

Kitsch
The combined name of some movements of Post-modernism, such as Memphis, using the potential of bad taste and the charm of sentimental crafts of mass demand. This is an anti-design game that emerged as a protest movement in interior fashion for those who are ready to take their environment not too seriously.

Chinese style
The arrangement of the home of the Chinese is very different in style from other peoples of the East. A measured way of life and a philosophical attitude to everything that happens played a role in this.

Decorated with a complex technique of multi-layer varnishing. Black lacquer carving was used for decoration.
In contrast to the ascetic simplicity of Japan, the Chinese more fully use the internal space of the premises, forming niches, arches for the arrangement of decorative objects and toys.
In contrast to ceremonial furniture, wardrobes were simple household items. The rich ambience of the home is completed by exquisitely decorated lacquer tables with persistent carvings, on which decorations and vases were placed.

The intarsia technique, well-known to Europeans, is widely used in furniture - a cut-in decoration made of the finest plywood of various shades on the surface of tables and cabinets. But, unlike the European one, which has one level with the main plane, the Chinese one protrudes above the surface.
The furniture in the houses of the noble Chinese was different from the furniture of the commoners. The main furnishings among the furniture were a lounger, chairs and tables. All items were made using bamboo and were mostly rectangular in shape.

Another distinguishing feature, perhaps only living in China to this day, is the complete absence of curtains on the windows, and there are no chandeliers in the houses, although electricity, of course, illuminates houses, but with the help of ordinary lighting lamps.
The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe arrangement of the Chinese home is to interweave the real with mythology, where the main character is the dragon - the most powerful of all animals.
The "main" color in Chinese life is "assigned" to red - the color of the fire dragon, the color of energy.

Japanese style
The Japanese type of decoration of their home, although it obeys certain laws, still reflects the individual spirit of their own world. Moreover, both the first and second features are still alive. A characteristic feature of the Japanese taste is its tendency towards simplicity and asymmetry. The interior breathes.

Indian style
Indian style - these are turquoise, crimson, orange colors, which are completely unique in their own way. Indian silk is not as smooth and slippery to the touch as Chinese, a little rough. The furniture in Indian homes is low, hand-cut from very durable teak wood. A characteristic feature is the easy transformation of the details of the house: chairs and tables, screens, shutters and doors often "change roles".

African style
This is perhaps the most exotic of ethnic styles. The colors of Africa are very warm and pleasant, imitating the color of wild animals. Skins of tigers and zebras give an effect to the design.

English style
Walls are usually painted in dazzling yellow, bright red or soft cream tones. The wooden floors are covered with thick and cozy woolen carpets. An indispensable attribute of the English living room is a soft woolen blanket with a checkered pattern and a footstool. The home is decorated with heavy, but elegant. In England, roses bloom not only in parks, but also on curtains, upholstery. The combination of fabrics in the interior of English living rooms seems a little chaotic, but at the same time, a strict check looks great next to a romantic color pattern.

Mediterranean style
This style is as bright as the nature of this region: a lot of sun, sea, vegetation. Borrowed colors: bluish greenish, golden orange, brown. A riot of colors - on the brightly colored walls, on the floors laid out with a pattern of marble or colored ceramic tiles. Characterized by a certain roughness and unevenness of the walls, tangible texture, "hand-made" of their decoration and painting. Large windows let in a lot of sun. In the houses of Italians and Spaniards, wrought-iron furniture coexists with painted wood, often painted.

Egyptian style
The Egyptian style has come down to us thanks to religious buildings, and although the style has existed for more than four thousand years, it has changed little since its inception. The monuments of that era that have come down to us are temples, palaces and tombs, that is, monumental structures designed to personify eternity. Walls, pylons, columns, as a rule, were dotted with hieroglyphic writing and scenes of funeral rituals, where the figures of people were depicted in a characteristic pose - the head and lower body - in profile, and the torso and arms - in front. There are three types of columns in buildings - lotus-shaped (a capital in the form of a flower or a lotus bud), papyrus (a capital in the form of a bundle of papyrus) and gatoric (a capital with the image of the head of the goddess Gator - a woman with a dog's head). The exception is the Amarna period - the period of the appearance of Amenhotep IV (1368 - 1351 BC). The prohibition of numerous old cults and the proclamation of the sun itself as the true god gave impetus to the development of the arts in the "direction of man". Funeral scenes were replaced by images of floating fish, fluttering butterflies, touching sensual scenes from life. The sculpture also acquired new non-canonical forms (remember the bust of Nefertiti, the wife of Amenhotep). Subsequently, the entire Empire and Art Deco is based on the elements of the Egyptian style.

Feng Shui
This is magic for the home. "If you want to change your life, move 27 objects in your house" (ancient Chinese wisdom). If you have a strictly rectangular housing, consider yourself lucky - this is a favorable shape. So is the octagonal - but this is rare - if at all. The protrusions and cutouts on the plan, respectively, increase or decrease the zones. A little about color: in Feng Shui, each of the ba-gua zones has a corresponding color. The right color raises energy in the appropriate area of \u200b\u200byour life. Of course, few people would paint entire rooms such colors. To raise qi, try placing a purple lamp in the wealth zone, a vase full of soft pink flowers in the relationship zone, and a black marble sculpture in the zone appropriate for your career. When choosing specific things and shades, rely on your intuition.