How to properly install a submersible pump in a well. Professional installation of a borehole pump: installation and assembly without errors. Preparation of related installation materials

More and more people are moving to live outside the city, some permanently, some prefer to buy suburban areas. But more often than not, yesterday's city dwellers face many problems. The first one is water. Not all sites initially have a source of water on their territory. Digging a well on your own is very dangerous, and finding a place for it is quite problematic.

The best option is your own well. For the normal operation of not only the well, but the entire water supply system, a deep pump is required. If you want to do the installation of a deep pump with your own hands, then you need to know some of the features of the work.

The characteristic properties of deep (submersible) pumps are:

• creation of pressure at the level at which the optimal extraction of water from the well and its further supply through the water supply system is ensured;
• long time of operation;
• has the shape of a cylinder, which is very convenient for the installation process;
• some models are capable of supplying water mixed with clay or sand; These models have a peculiar structure and are made of materials that are particularly durable.

Deep pumps are of good quality and reliability, which has made them popular and in demand among owners of private houses and suburban areas. This is the most popular way of water supply for summer cottages, cottages and country houses.

Choice

First of all, it is necessary to choose a pump from the parameters of the existing well. It must meet two selection criteria:

• first of all, this is the depth of the well, it is measured in meters, that is, the pump must raise water to a certain height;
• and the second criterion is the volume of water (measured in cubic meters) that the pump will lift in an hour of its operation.

Thus, the deep pump must be selected with such indicators that it does not lift more water than the well gives. At the same time, it must have sufficient pressure to supply water to the site and the house.

The reliability and durability of the deep pump, first of all, depends on the correct installation. If you decide to install the pump yourself, then you should consult with specialists and thoroughly study all the necessary information about installation methods and connection technology. Quality depends not only on the skillful actions and knowledge of the master, but also on the quality of materials and equipment. If the installation technology is violated or poor-quality equipment is used, difficulties may arise during installation or a breakdown may occur very soon. Reinstallation or repair is a waste of money, time and effort.

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Preliminary work

Before installing the pump, it is worth knowing all the parameters of the well into which the pump will be installed:

• its depth (distance from the surface to the bottom) and width (circumference);
• static and dynamic water level.

Everyone knows what depth and width are, but it is worth understanding the rest of the indicators in more detail.

The dynamic potential affects the power of the equipment and determines how much water the well can pump over a certain period of time.

Statistical indicator - at what minimum distance (height) the pump can raise water. That is, this is the distance from the surface to the water level.

Decide how often you will use the pump. If you need water regularly, then it makes sense to run the power supply directly to the pump.

If you do not need water regularly, it is quite possible to get by with an extension cord.

However, consider the fact that the pump requires a large amount of electricity. Therefore, if you use the pump for a long time, the extension cord may overheat, which can lead to melting of the cable and plug. This is very dangerous, because if you do not notice and stop using the extension cord in time, a short circuit, fire, and damage to the insulation may occur. Repeated contact with an extension cord may result in electric shock.

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Installation rules

In order for the pump to serve the maximum period, it is necessary to follow the installation technology.

The installation of a deep pump initially depends on the required pressure and voltage, as well as on the available parameters of your well. But it should be borne in mind that under the influence of certain factors, pressure and pressure can sometimes be significantly reduced.

That is why, before you get started, you should familiarize yourself with the following points:

• compliance of pump characteristics with well parameters;
• what power is required for the operation of the equipment - for two or three phases;
• equipment power.

If you have all the necessary knowledge and are familiar with the requirements, then it will not be difficult for you to install the equipment correctly on your own. To do this, you will need the following tools:

• the pump itself;
• safety rope;
• head kit;
• stainless steel clamps;
• hose;
• HDPE pipe;
• various fittings;
• ball valve.

Moreover, buy pipes and a cable with the expectation of diving to the entire depth of the well, but do not take the exact length, take 1-3 meters more.

You also need to know the following:

• you need a voltage stabilizer for 220 volts, since the equipment is sensitive to voltage drops;
• the cable from the deep pump must be increased by soldering, after which it is necessary to conduct hydro-coupling insulation;
• carefully connect the wires by color in case of cable extension;
• regulate well productivity;
• if there is no water in the well, it is strictly forbidden to turn on the pump.

After the drilling work is completed, the correct installation of the downhole pump in the well is required. This will ensure its smooth and long-term operation. The owner of the site will be able to cope with this procedure on his own if he has a standard set of tools and necessary materials.

Equipment selection

In the drilled hole, you need to select a pump that will meet all operational requirements. You need to choose accordingly from submersible models, since surface devices are able to work at shallow depths, less than 8-10 meters.

vibratory

A popular budget option for a pump that well owners love for its low maintenance and affordable cost. It does not have bulky bearings or constantly rotating elements, which reduces wear, reduces heat levels and extends the interval of continuous operation during one turn. Models of vibration pumps are easy to mount and install in the well.

At the same time, they are very economical, weigh little due to the principle of oscillation, and not the operation of complex mechanical components that require lubrication. With proper operation, they serve for a very long time, but have a number of features. So, for example, vibration equipment can only be used in a fixed well, otherwise the soil will begin to crumble and close the well. The recommended immersion depth is up to 3 meters, which also entails a number of restrictions.

Centrifugal

This type of equipment is designed to work at greater depths than the vibrating analogue. However, centrifugal pumps are more expensive. With their help, it is possible to pump both cold water and hot water or some solutions of chemically active liquids.

Among the shortcomings, it should be noted a small pressure, not exceeding 45-40 meters. There is no self-suction function of the liquid - before starting the unit into operation, it is necessary to fill in the liquid. And most importantly - its power relative to vibration is weak.

VIDEO: Which well pump is better

Installation rules

• Installation of a deep well pump in a well, the video of which is presented on the page, begins with checking the correct installation of the casing.

It should have the most vertical state, which is controlled by a plumb line. Excessive misalignment can affect the performance of the pump.

• We also check the ease of passage through the casing. The most acceptable gap between the pump wall and the pipe is at least 5-7 millimeters on each side.
• Too small a distance will lead to rapid wear of the housing. This is especially true for vibration models. Their principle of operation provides for the possibility of a small stroke inside the working hole.

Carrying out the procedure

The pump can be suspended on a nylon cord or a stranded cable from 5 mm in diameter. For the cord, we select the tensile strength, which will be 5-10 times the mass of the pump. Information about this parameter is on the packaging. The end of the cable should be cut as little as possible, and then lightly burned with matches or a lighter so that the rope does not untangle.

When diving to a horizon below 10-15 meters, it is customary to form a damping unit. It is made of high quality rubber or medium hardness spring. During operation, the pump will vibrate, and this solution will reduce the amplitude of the oscillation.

Be sure to use a suspension, the strength of which is enough to withstand 10 times the mass of the drainage pump. The attachment point is best done at a distance of at least 10 cm from the inlets.

To ensure rigidity, the bundle of cable, pipe (flexible hose) and cord is fixed with electrical tape.

We tightly wrap a couple of circles in the form of a ring every 1.3-1.5 m of the length from the pump until the entire bundle exits the drill hole. The first ring must be made from the pump at a distance no further than half a meter.

When connecting, it is undesirable to use threaded connections. They will turn out to be poorly effective due to the effects of corrosion, because there is an aggressive humid environment around the pipe.

In extreme cases, a flange connection is used. At the same time, there is a subtlety when the bolt must necessarily go towards the bottom, so when dismantling the structure it will be easier to stick out the assembled pipes with the pump.

Before connecting an additional accumulator to the pumping station, we put the upper side of the discharge pipeline on the base plate. At the next stage, we mount the check valve and, if necessary, install the valve. A device for measuring the current pressure in the system can be mounted in the design.

We attach the prepared suspension to the transverse beam. At the final stage, we lower the pump into the well. In the process, it is desirable to exclude thorns on the walls of the body, doing everything strictly vertically.

It is advisable to leave a place for measuring the stationary water level. To do this, a gas collection pipe is mounted in one of the holes of the support platform. It must be lowered below the dynamic water level.

Using a megohmmeter, we detect the level of current resistance of the winding on the electric motor with the cable lowered. Now you can connect the control station to the pump.

Permissible depth

The owner of the well, using its passport, can determine the value of the stationary water level. It is physically measured from the soil horizontal to the liquid horizontal with the equipment inoperative. When the pump is started, the water goes to a lower level. It can also be measured or found out from the passport. This value refers to the dynamic water level.

Scheme of the correct location of equipment relative to the level of the house and the well

It will be possible to ensure proper cooling of the pump and its built-in electric motor when the submerged pump is hung out on a horizon of at least 0.3-0.4 m below the dynamic level. A more correct position would be 2-3 meters below the dynamic level.

At the same time, the operation of a vibration or centrifugal pump at the very bottom should not be allowed. You will need to hang the device, 1 ... 2 meters back from the lowest point. This will ensure that there is clean water in the system.

Emergency pump replacement

The need for replacement does not occur very often. However, breakdowns occur or the device develops its full operational resource. Then it must be replaced with a new one. There are reasons for accidents due to negligence or improper operation. In case of insufficient power, it is also possible to replace the pump with a more productive apparatus.

You can replace the pump yourself or with the help of specialists. The second option is preferable for beginners. Especially if it was installed before you, and there is also no information about the depth of the well or the hydraulic equipment has a significant mass.

Most of the connections will need to be cut and the clamps will need to be replaced with new ones after significant corrosion processes. Having disconnected the pipes, we check the operability of the device in any container. If necessary, we change it to a more powerful or working one.

SAW: Drain pump - how to disassemble and repair

Water in your own home is a necessity. Arrangement of bathrooms, kitchens, as well as watering the beds - all this requires a serious consumption of water. In addition to drilling a well, it is also necessary to connect a pump to it.

Installing the pump in the well is one of the important points that should be studied before work begins. It is equally important to choose the right apparatus for wells.

Types of pumps

There are the following types of water pump in the well:

• Downhole. Such devices have a small diameter. In addition, they do an excellent job in cases where the water contains impurities of clay or limestone. This variety is great for high pressures and significant distances between the water intake point and the consumer.
• Well. The immersion of such a water pump into the well is not completely. The hole designed for water intake is designed at the bottom, the engine is cooled by liquid. Some models are equipped with a shutdown system in the absence of water.
• Vortex. By their type, such aggregates belong to the surface. Their advantages include a relatively low price and compact size. In addition, if the water in the well contains various impurities, the vortex apparatus may not be able to cope with its task.
• Centrifugal. Such devices are capable of taking water from a depth of up to 9 meters. Installing a pump in a well of this type has a significant advantage - there is no failure in their operation when a plug is formed from the air.

The first two types of pumps are classified as submersible. They also need a special SQE package - an automation kit for the units. Pressure and other characteristics will be regulated by the technique independently.

Choosing a location for a well

Usually, professional drillers do not give clear recommendations about exactly where to dig a mine. They will find water everywhere, but in the end you will have to use the water supply. What parameters are important to consider when arranging a well?

• The sanitary standards clearly spell out the distance from the water intake to other objects. It is 5 meters from the residential building and 25 from the septic tank. You need to decide where there will be a parking or garage, a chicken coop or other buildings for livestock and poultry. In addition, the well must be placed at a distance of at least 10 meters from the neighbor's fence. It is not uncommon for neighboring buildings to simply spoil the water, for example, as is the case with a latrine installed nearby. Keep this in mind, because even the most hermetic mine can eventually begin to let in harmful effluents.
• On a site with a pronounced relief, it is impossible to drill wells for water in the lowlands. During the spring snowmelt, the water can be polluted by runoff. For example, E. coli is able to live in water for more than a year! Moreover, the site must be assessed by professionals. A slope of 3 degrees is impossible to notice, but it can be enough to pollute the water.
• If there is no other way out and you have to carry out drilling work in the lowlands, before connecting the well, you need to make a high-quality drainage system.
• Within a radius of 5-7 meters there should not be plants and trees, even in plans for the future.
• Please note that you will also need a place where the equipment for drilling and laying HDPE pipes will be placed. The platform for access to vehicles must have such dimensions - at least 4 meters wide and at least 9 meters long.
• Be sure to leave a spare place for another water intake. The fact is that in extremely rare cases it is possible to repair an existing system.
• In no case should you place the source in the basement of the house! Usually they make a pump connection to the so-called Abyssinian wells. However, the water from it is suitable only for watering plants.

An ideal place for drilling can be a free lawn, which is at the right distance from all buildings. You can hide the hatch with a small garden sculpture or fountain.

Pump selection

It is not enough to drill a water well, it is also necessary to choose the right equipment for it. How to do it?

• the diameter of the device must correspond to the width of the walls of the well;
• the pump must freely enter both the hole and;
• it is preferable to choose centrifugal apparatus. This is especially true for deep sand mines;
• calculate the amount of water you need. This should be taken into account when choosing such an indicator of the unit as productivity.

Recently, the so-called smart pumps for wells have become popular. Such devices are not cheap, but their price is fully justified. The device is equipped with special sensors that respond to an increase in water consumption - an increase in the pressure of the liquid is turned on. The possibilities of such a device do not end there, you can list them for a long time. If you wish, you can learn how to connect the pump to a well in a country house or a personal plot from the video.

Self connection

How to connect a well to a pump? You can do this with the help of professionals or on your own. The service of the masters will not cost so cheap, so more and more preference is given to installation on their own. This is not so difficult to do if you first study the procedure.

Consider the simplest pump circuit, which will help both in connection and operation.

A special pipe adapter is installed on the outlet pipe. Most often it is sold immediately with the unit. If not, you'll have to buy it. A coupling is screwed onto this adapter.

All threaded connections should be treated with a special "winding". Some use tow, but at the moment there are special tapes. If linen is used, it must be carefully treated with a special silicone sealant.

Installation of a surface pump

Installation of a surface pump in a well is carried out either indoors or directly above it. Connecting a surface pump to a well begins with the fact that a place should be dug in the ground for the device below the freezing level of the soil - a caisson.

We start connecting the surface pump:

• we attach the hose we need to the suction part;
• a special valve should be fixed at the end of the hose. It prevents the water from draining back when the device is turned off;
• the filter element is attached to the check valve. It cleans the water from dirt and sand particles;
• the hose is immersed in the hole to the desired depth.

Installing a pump in a well with your own hands is not difficult at all if you have a tool.

The connection diagram of the surface device is shown in the figure:

Submersible pump installation

To install a deep well pump in a well, you must clearly follow the instructions. The submersible pump for wells is installed directly in the hole. Moreover, a certain gap between the device and the shaft must be maintained, otherwise it will simply burn out. You can find out the minimum distance between the walls in the instructions. How to connect a submersible pump?

The instructions for installing a submersible pump in a well are as follows:

• a check valve is mounted on the pump nozzle. It prevents the pipe from draining water when the device stops working;
• a special valve is attached to the suction part that filters the water;
• a hose is attached to the check valve, through which water will rise up;
• the power wire to the deep pump is attached to the discharge hose using special clips or ties made of polymer material;
• twine is inserted into the brackets of the upper part of the device body. It is on it that he will hang in the well;
• how to lower the pump into the well? This must be done carefully and exclusively with a rope.

Installing a deep pump is not such a difficult task, which you can handle on your own.

The connection diagram of the submersible type unit is shown in the figure.

Connection diagram 2

After diving to the desired depth, the rope must be fixed with special brackets. How deep should the pump be lowered? Usually the device is fixed a meter from the bottom. The installation depth of the deep pump also depends on the properties of the soil and the level of groundwater.

Typical connection errors

During installation, it is extremely important to avoid mistakes that will subsequently affect the future. The most typical of them when installing a pump in a well are as follows:

• incorrect determination of the unit suspension height;
• small cross section of the power cable;
• neglecting the installation of protection against voltage instability;
• insufficient diameter of the pipe for water supply;
• lack of a check valve in the system;
• incorrect selection or lack of instrumentation and control automation.

That's all. Now you know how to properly install the pump in the well. As you can see, it is not difficult to do it yourself, the main thing is to delve into all the nuances. Another tip - do not save on the pumping station. It is better to invest once and buy a quality device than to constantly repair a cheap one. And yet - before you install the pump in the well, watch the videos, which describe in detail all the nuances.

Video

The presence of a well already implies the installation of a pump. What it will be submersible or surface depends on the depth of the well. It is the choice of the pump that is the very first step in the installation. The submersible pump is the most popular type, because. it is he who is allowed to deliver high-quality water with the necessary pressure.

It is better to choose centrifugal models, because. when working with vibration pumps, there is a possibility of soil collapse and collapse of the well due to their additional vibrations.

Preparation for pump installation

Also, the choice of pump will depend on what performance you need. After all, if this is a residential country house, then you need a constant pressure of water, without interruption.

Water from the pump rises through pipes, most often plastic ones. it is plastic that is more durable: it has a good service life, it does not rot and is not afraid of corrosion.

In addition to all of the above, you will need clamps with which the electrical cable will be fixed along the pipe, a pressure gauge, a check valve and a shut-off valve.

Before installing a pump for permanent use, first pump the dirty water from the well with a cheap pump.

Installation of the deep pump takes place directly in the well, thus it does not require a separate place.

First you need to assemble the entire structure, which will subsequently be immersed in the well.

The following is connected to the pump: a water supply pipe, an electric cable, a safety cable.

Installing a pump in a well

When the structure is assembled, the most difficult thing begins - this is installation in the well. Before putting the pump into the casing, a protection is put on it, in the form of a ring.

The pump is mounted at the height that you need, provided that it matches the technical capabilities of the equipment. Plus, the pump should be completely in the water, but should not reach the bottom of the well.

The most successful distance to the bottom is two meters. Without taking into account such features, all this can lead to a quick breakdown of the pump due to the ingress of the smallest particles, as well as idling.

In the end, you need to make sure that it is the cable that holds the pump, and not the pipe. After that, the cable is attached to the bracket.

One example would be a pump that is not at its operating depth. Instead of 30 meters, it was operated at 50.

With the same parameters, such a pump will not be able to lift water, the pump will work "for nothing", without a set working water pressure.

Repair work

If the pump malfunctions, there are two repair options:

The advantage of calling a specialist is a warranty obligation. Those. If, after repair, the pump fails again for some time, you have the right to contact the company from which the employee came to re-perform the work.

• Repair on your own, with certain knowledge. The lower the depth of the well, the greater the weight of the pump. Therefore, during repairs, it is necessary to have assistants who will help pull the pump out of the depth of the well.

Important: before starting repair work, turn off the power supply to the pump and disconnect the pipeline. You will also need to stock up on tools.

The pump is lifted by a safety rope. After the pump is raised to the surface, it is necessary to determine whether it is in working condition. If necessary, parts that are worn out are replaced.

If the pump cannot be repaired, then you will have to go for the purchase of a new deep pump.

Borehole pumps are now indispensable in most suburban areas. After all, it is wells in the modern society of summer residents or residents of country houses that provide approximately 85% of the liquid.

1.1 Features of installation depending on the type of pump

So, pumps that are created for ordinary domestic water supply are most often divided into (that is, internal) and surface. Directly to the submersible type pumps most often include well, as well as downhole equipment. Interestingly, they are completely immersed in water during operation.

Their main function is to raise the required water from great depths. As for surface pumps, they are used to draw water from a relatively shallow depth (maximum depth is eight meters). They are installed only separately from the main source of water supply.

Many may try to do it, but if a centrifugal type device is required, then difficulties may arise. Borehole pumps (in this case we are talking about their horizontal arrangement) are often used to draw water from various rivers or any other open types of reservoirs.

This option is perfect for people who do not have the opportunity to drill a well, and the water source is far from home. In this case, you need to select a mechanism with high power ratings.

It should be noted that borehole pumps differ in a number of quite significant advantages and pluses:

• Long service life;
• Very low noise level;
• The complete absence of rubbing parts;
• Ease of connection (even if you wanted to do it yourself);
• Significant depth of water intake, which is unacceptable for many other types and types of pumps.

If you decide to carry out the installation of a borehole pump yourself, then it is worth remembering that this process will require certain knowledge in this area.

The main thing is to carry out the installation of a centrifugal submersible pump carefully and competently, because all future use will depend solely on the correct arrangement of equipment purchased or made by oneself.

Remember that an error during the installation of a pump, including a centrifugal or deep type, a violation of technology, as well as the use of cheap materials, can lead to various negative consequences in the future. These include:

• Impossibility of lifting the pump unit during dismantling;
• Premature failure;
• Breakage of communications of the pumping mechanism.

All this can lead to the impossibility of further connecting it, so a diagram can help here, which can tell in detail how to do everything correctly.

If your downhole pump simply gets stuck, then its further use will be in serious danger, after which all organizational work on the implementation of the arrangement and drilling of the well itself will have to be started all over again.

2 How to install a borehole pump?

So, after a careful and painstaking selection and purchase of the necessary devices, the subsequent installation of a borehole pump refers to the second, very important stage of completing the well.

It is worth remembering that the pumping unit must be placed in the well you created below the water mark. But here it is important to measure one meter to the bottom so that during the operation of your equipment there is no capture of soil and sand that have settled on the bottom. After a certain time, they can accumulate in large volumes in the well, or rather at its bottom.

For this reason, the immersion depth is extremely important, even if a centrifugal or submersible pump is used. However, in most cases, the immersion depth is automatically adjusted by special automatic floats. In the event of a critical drop in the water level from the source, the float will immediately turn off the device.

For subsequent connection, together with the pump, a special plastic tube or hose is also carefully lowered into the well. It is on it that the water further rises. Further, the scheme is simple - an electric cable for an electric motor is fixed and, of course, a safety rope, which is placed on the head of the created well.

A pipe for supplying water and protected must be connected or brought into the house. For further sealing of the very mouth of the created structure, a head is used.

It is important to know that during the installation of water equipment it is worthwhile to ensure the organization of the so-called check valve in advance. It is he who will perform the function of protecting the system from dangerous water hammers. If it is necessary to ensure the autonomy of the entire system, the power supply cables can be connected to a hydraulic accumulator, which will generate the required energy.

The water supply from the caisson to the house must be laid in the ground in advance. The most important thing here is that it be below the level of freezing, that is, at a depth of not less than 1.5 meters.

Before installing or submersible pumping equipment, a thorough cleaning of a new well should be carried out, all water should be pumped out, and good preparation should be carried out. If you make sure that the well is completely free of various extra particles, including sand, you can start connecting.

The further scheme does not require special knowledge - the pump is lowered into the well, a special start-up mechanism is installed, and then the necessary adjustment processes begin.

2.1 How to install a well pump? (video)