Water supply pump brands. Choosing a pump for water supply at home

11.06.2018

Instructions

The pump used for suburban water supply, should not only supply water stably, but also be suitable for irrigation of the site. In some cases, it is used to provide pool water and other similar needs. You need to choose a pump based on the requirements that will be imposed on it.

If you have a small private house, water comes from an underground source at a shallow depth, then it is best to purchase a self-priming pump installation. He has a fairly simple device. It can also be used for plot irrigation and irrigation.

Currently, there are two different designs of a self-priming pump. Water can be sucked in through an ejector or through a special hydraulic system. These designs have almost the same performance. They also have disadvantages. The ejector system creates a lot of noise during operation. That is why such a pump is usually installed in a special technological room or outside the house. The multi-stage hydraulic self-priming design works with virtually no noise. However, such a pump has a higher cost.

It is best to take care of the storage tank in advance. It is necessary to make the most common plumbing system. When the water level drops, it will be pumped into the tank immediately. Then it will be piped to the consumer. However, you will also need to take care of installing an automation that can turn off the pump when the tank is full. If the tank is located in the attic, then if the automation fails, the entire house may be flooded.

This system has the disadvantage that water will flow into the tap with a small pressure. It is created by its own weight in the tank. To ensure a more uniform head and good water pressure in the tap, it is necessary to use a diaphragm pressure tank with a self-priming pump.

A submersible pump, more often called a submersible pump, is designed to raise liquid from a certain depth. Pumps of this type must be immersed in the medium they are pumping, so they are made of materials that can withstand the effects of water and other liquids.

Instructions

There are two types of submersible pumps for water supply - borehole and well. Wells are used to lift water from artesian wells, which imposes certain restrictions on their design - their diameter usually does not exceed 10 cm. Wells are used in wells, large artificial reservoirs, reservoirs, that is, where there are no requirements for the size of the pump. Well pumps, due to their larger size, have a higher efficiency, are not so complex in design, which means they have a lower price.

Pumps can be vibratory and centrifugal. Vibrating pumps are cheaper, but choose them only for work in artificial tanks and reservoirs. For wells and wells, buy only centrifugal pumps. The fact is that vibrating pumps create constant vibrations of water, which are then transmitted to the surrounding rock, as a result of which the well or well is quickly sandwiched.

When choosing a submersible pump, you must decide on the required water pressure. This is the most important characteristic of the pump, if the pump cannot provide the required pressure, it simply will not raise water from the depth to the surface. To calculate the required pressure, you need to find out the dynamic water level in the well: this is the distance from the earth's surface to the water surface when the pump is on. To this value, add the maximum height from the ground to which water needs to be raised, and the required pressure in the water supply system of the house - about 30 meters, and then increase the resulting value by another 20% to take into account hydraulic losses. Tell the seller the amount of pressure you require, and he will select a model that will meet your conditions.

Make sure the selected submersible pump is dry run protected. Sometimes the water in the well or well falls below the minimum allowable level, and the pump starts to idle, which leads to its rapid overheating. A good pump should have a special device that will cut off the power when the water level drops.

Choose the pump that suits your needs. Expensive powerful submersible pumps can provide a capacity of 200 cubic meters of water per hour, which is prohibitive for ordinary household needs. Estimate your approximate water consumption and select the pump in accordance with this value, do not overpay for the performance you do not need.

Solar power plants (SPP) are the source of electricity of the future. Environmentally friendly, they can be built in unused desert areas. "Fuel" for them is absolutely free, so the cost of obtaining energy is only the repair and maintenance of stations. According to the principle of operation, several types of power plants are distinguished.

Instructions

In tower-type power plants, the water at the top of a tower 18-24 m high is heated by the sun. The resulting steam is pumped to the turbine generator. To heat the water more intensively, the tower is painted black, and heliostats are located around its perimeter - mirrors that automatically rotate so as to concentrate the sun's rays on the tower.

Photovoltaic power plants are the most common. Photovoltaic cells convert solar radiation into electrical energy. Directly at the stations, such elements have a large area and are located over a wide area in the amount of several tens or hundreds of plates. In addition, similar elements are installed on buildings, providing power to both individual units and entire villages.

Power plants with parabolic concentrators operate on the principle of heating the coolant passing through a pipeline in the center of a parabolic mirror, which in turn is designed to focus the sun's rays. As a heat carrier, as a rule, a special oil is used, which gives off heat to water. And the steam generated from the water also goes to the turbine generator.

A separate type of power plants with parabolic concentrators are plants that use a Stirling engine mounted in the focus of a parabolic mirror. The absence of a crank mechanism in the Stirling engine makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the station. Helium or hydrogen is used as a coolant, which, expanding when heated, directly drives the piston of the motor.

Combined solar power plants can simultaneously generate hot water using concentrators and generate electricity using solar cells. Hot water can be used both for water supply of residential buildings and for technical needs

Types and features of surface pumps

Water lifting equipment of this type is called surface equipment because it works without being immersed in water. It is installed on the surface, at a short distance from the source, and sucks water from it through a water intake hose. Therefore, such pumps are also called self-priming.

Features of self-priming units

Model and photo	Head, m	Consumption, m 3 / hour	Suction depth, m
	72	3	9
Pedrollo JCR 15M	55	4,8	9
	54	4,2	9
	64	3	9
	36	7,2	7
Pedrollo 3CP 80E	38	4,8	7
	38	2,5	5
Pedrollo PKm 65	50	3	8
Pedrollo PKm 70	62	3	18
Pedrollo PKm 80	66	3	22
Pedrollo PKm 90	82	2,4	5
Pedrollo PKm 100	80	4,2	15

GRUNDFOS

For water supply of a private house and irrigation of a plot, this German company produces two lines centrifugal pumps - Grundfos MQ and Grundfos JP (see). The latter are equipped with a convenient carrying handle. In addition, they can be used to increase the pressure in the network.

Model and photo	Head, m	Consumption, m 3 / hour	Suction depth, m
	45	3	8
Grundfos MQ 3-35	36	3	8
	48	4,5	8
Grundfos JP5	43	4	8

Note! The tables show the maximum performance and head values. They are inversely proportional to each other: the higher the head, the less water the pump will deliver per unit of time. Conversely, it will provide a high flow only with a minimum head. Therefore, it is necessary to select equipment according to average indicators, dividing the indicated numbers in half.

Conclusion

Today you can find hundreds of different pumps from dozens of manufacturers on sale. It is simply impossible to make a complete overview of all the models on the market, so only the most popular ones are listed here.

Having studied the principle of their work, types and characteristics, you will have an idea of \u200b\u200bhow to choose a surface pump for water supply to a private house, and you can do it yourself or with the help of a consultant in the store. It will help you with this and the video in this article, as well as customer reviews on the sites of online stores.

The basis of the water supply system in a private house is a pump. Its performance should be sufficient not only to ensure the supply of water to the house, but also to water the garden plot, fill the pool, provide water to the bath, etc. Choice pump for home is determined primarily by the depth of water occurrence.

The choice of a pump is primarily determined by the depth of the water. if it is small (up to 7 meters), then the most optimal choice would be to install a self-priming pump.

Self-priming pump types

Self-priming pumps are available with or without a built-in ejector. Pumps with a built-in ejector provide water rise due to vacuum. The disadvantages of such pumps include a high noise level and therefore must be installed outside a residential building in a special room. It is more advisable to use such pumps for watering the garden. The suction of the pump without an ejector is provided by a special multi-stage design of the hydraulic part, which ensures almost silent operation.

If you decide to use a self-priming pump to supply water to your home, then you have two main options: installing a pump with a storage tank or with a diaphragm.

In the first case, you need to install in the house storage tank together with a sensor that monitors the water level and turns off the pump, preventing the tank from overfilling. Also, this sensor turns on the pump when the water level in the tank is below the permissible level. Disadvantages of this method:

Low water pressure at the outlet, since water from the tank flows by gravity;
Difficulty in installation - you need a special place on a hill and piping from the tank to all places of water consumption in the house.
Danger of failure of the sensor that switches off the pump in case of overfilling of the tank If this system fails, you risk ending up in a flooded house, which could lead to flooding. (using an overflow pipe in the tank eliminates this problem.

The combination of using a pump in conjunction with a diaphragm pressure tank and a pressure switch is called pumping station... This method is devoid of the disadvantages of the previous one. The diaphragm tank is a sealed metal vessel divided in half by a diaphragm. One part of the tank is filled with air under pressure, and the second pump pumps water. The filling of the tank is controlled by a special switch, which sets the upper pressure limit to which the air in the membrane tank is compressed and, accordingly, the water in the water supply system. As soon as the required pressure is established, the pump stops working until the lower pressure limit switch is activated. With a small water flow, the pump will not turn on every time, but just water from the tank will flow to you. Using a self-priming pump with a diaphragm tank has the following advantages:

The possibility of using water heaters, since sufficient water pressure is created;
The pump turns on and off less often, which contributes to an increase in its service life;
In the event of a power outage, your water will not disappear immediately, since there is an accumulated reserve in the tank;
You can install the membrane tank in any place convenient for you;
The pumping station itself is compact and lightweight.

It should be noted that on the hose, lowered into the well, it is necessary to install check valve, preventing the drainage of water from the system back into the well when the pump is not running.

One of the important parameters of a pumping station is its nominal flow (m3 / h). Most of the pumps offered by sellers have a flow rate of 4 - 8 m3 / h and a maximum head of up to 55 m.

When using the water supply system only in the warm season, the installation of such a pumping station is not difficult, it is enough to connect the pump to the mains and connect the discharge pipe to the water supply network.

If you plan to organize year-round water supply, then you need to install a pumping station in a warm room, and bury the pipeline from the well to the house in the ground below the freezing level.

What to do if the water level in your area is below 8 meters, because in this case, a conventional pumping station will not suit you?

The most acceptable in this situation would be to install a submersible pump for a well or well.

Well and well pumps

Compared to a pumping station, organizing water supply using a borehole pump is a more complex and costly undertaking. This also applies to the price of expensive imported borehole pumps and the cost of installing equipment and drilling a well.

A well pump, in contrast to a well pump, has an internal engine cooling jacket, which increases its diameter and therefore can only be placed in a well or a large-diameter well. Well pumps are characterized by higher performance and lower cost at the same values \u200b\u200bof power consumption and head as in well pumps.

Cooling of the engine of a borehole pump is provided by the flow of the raised water, therefore, there are minimum allowable rates for the speed of water movement for them. This fact also explains why the borehole diameter should not be much larger than the pump diameter.

For correct selection parameters of a borehole pump, you can use a simple formula:

H (required head) \u003d H (dyn.) + H (house) + H (vol.) + 20%,

H (dyn.) - distance from the ground to the water level after turning on the pump, m,

H (houses) - the distance from the ground to the upper mark of the rise of water,

H (for example) - pressure providing pressure in the water supply system (usually no more than 3 atmospheres or 30 meters of water column), m.

20% head loss in the pipeline.

Of course, this value is very indicative, and it strongly depends on the length of the entire pipeline.

In our market pumping equipment a large number of Russian and European pumps are offered for the most demanding requirements. These are pumps of such manufacturers as "Livgidromash", "Livnynasos", "ENA", from the imported ones these are pumps of the concern ESPA, Wilo, etc.

So you can always find the best balance between performance, quality and price.

It should be noted that the operation of a borehole pump imposes a number of requirements:

This is a stable voltage in the mains, no more than + - 5%.

Mandatory installation of a check valve.

Dry-running protection (installation of a float system, level sensors or other safety devices)

A little about hand pumps

The hand pump is not replaceable in conditions when there is no electricity in your area. There are very few firms offering hand pumps on the Russian market and the range of products offered is small. The pumps are conventionally divided into two groups:

lifting water from a depth of 7 meters, provide lifting up to 40 liters of water per minute and have a weight of no more than 20 kg
lifting water from wells 15-30 meters deep, have a water column and weigh about 25 kg

A little about drainage pumps

Often, owners of their own homes are faced with the problem of draining water from basements and cellars. This happens, as a rule, in the spring after the snow melts or in the summer after heavy rains. It is difficult to do without a special drainage pump here. Household drainage pumps have relatively small price and weight, economically consume electricity and are able to pump out about 5 cubic meters of water per hour to a height of 4 meters.

It should be noted that drainage pumps must be able to pump out water along with silt and dirt that can enter the basement along with groundwater. Often these pumps are equipped with a float that automatically turns on and off the pump depending on the water level, which in addition protects the pump from "dry running"

This article presents a very general concepts and the principles of using pumps. On the pages of this site you can find more detailed information and, hopefully, make your choice.